Pests are unwanted creatures that can cause property damage or pose a health risk. Although some are merely unattractive, others can destroy crops and household furnishings. Some can even carry pathogens that can cause diseases in humans and animals. Pest Control involves the prevention and elimination of these organisms. It can be done in a variety of ways, including natural and non-chemical methods. Some pests, such as ants and cockroaches, can be prevented by keeping the environment clean and removing food sources. Natural deterrents such as citrus peels, chili peppers, cayenne powder, and sand can also be used to repel pests.

The first step in pest control is to remove the food, water and shelter that the organisms require to survive. Store foods in sealed containers and regularly remove garbage from the home. Eliminate places where insects can breed by eliminating stagnant water, removing bird droppings and regularly sweeping up fallen leaves. Keep potential nesting sites, such as wood piles and old cars, away from the house.

Rodents, such as mice and rats, are omnivorous mammals that can destroy crops, furniture, walls, and pipes. They also gnaw on wires and can chew through electric cables, posing a fire hazard. Rodents can also spread disease such as hantavirus, leptospirosis, salmonella and lymphocytic choriomeningitis.

Other pests that can be controlled by removing their food, water and shelter include fleas, crickets, grasshoppers, bees and wasps, mites, and other insects. Fungi can cause rot in fruits and vegetables and spread bacteria that can make people sick. In addition, fungi can contaminate food and water, destroying them or making them unsafe to eat.

While some fungi and bacteria are harmless, others can be dangerous to humans, pets and livestock. Some fungi can even be toxic to plants. Bacteria can contaminate food, water and surfaces in homes. Viruses can cause diseases in humans, pets and livestock. Some viruses can be transmitted through the bites of certain pests, such as mosquitoes, which may transmit the West Nile Virus and malaria.

Pesticides are a common form of pest control. They are designed to kill the targeted organisms, but they can also harm other organisms, such as people, plants and native wildlife. They are most likely to affect people when they are inhaled or ingested, and they can also be absorbed through the skin. When applying pesticides, ensure that the product is labeled for the particular pest being treated and follow all instructions carefully.

Some pests are difficult or impossible to eliminate without the use of chemicals. When this is the case, it is important to choose a pesticide that will not harm other organisms and use only the amount required. Avoid foggers, bombs and other illegal pesticides that can drift and land on your property where children or animals could be harmed. Also, be sure that the pesticide you select is registered for the target pest and is being used in a safe manner by a licensed applicator.